117. Ah, karma.
In Yoga Sutra 1:24, Patanjali introduces the concept of Ishwara, a special kind of Purusha (consciousness) untouched by ignorance, karma or the fruits or storage of karma. This distinction places Ishwara in a unique position compared to other souls, as it is free from the afflictions and limitations that bind ordinary beings. Through this sutra, Patanjali is helping us explore and define the idea of a divine, transcendent consciousness, which offers an alternative path to liberation for those who choose devotion.
However, while defining Ishwara is important, Patanjali emphasizes that surrender (Ishwara pranidhana) is even more critical. The practice of surrendering to Ishwara goes beyond intellectual understanding. It invites us to release our ego, control, and attachment, trusting that a higher force will guide us. This notion of surrender is a central teaching in the Yoga Sutras, offering a path for those who may struggle with the more effort-based practices of abhyasa (diligent practice) and vairagya (non-attachment).
In understanding Ishwara and the need for surrender, Patanjali also calls us to examine the kleshas, the mental afflictions that cause suffering. These include avidya (ignorance), asmita (egoism), raga (attachment), dvesha (aversion), and abhinivesha (fear of death). These are obstacles to our spiritual growth, which we must overcome through practice and understanding higher truths.
Karma is deeply rooted in Eastern spiritual traditions, including yoga. At its core, karma represents the law of cause and effect, the idea that every action we take has immediate or future consequences. This universal law reminds us that we are subject to the ripple effects of our thoughts, words, and deeds. In this way, we are constantly shaping our own experiences and future lives through our present choices.
Given the power of karma, we must be mindful and careful of our actions. Every decision and behaviour can either move us closer to liberation or bind us further to the cycle of suffering. This warning to "be careful with your karma" underscores the need for conscious, deliberate action in all aspects of life.
As Swami Sivananda wisely put it, "Do good, be good." This simple yet profound teaching reminds us that virtuous living—rooted in kindness, compassion, and ethical conduct—is the foundation of good karma. By aligning our actions with this principle, we can transcend the material world's suffering and move closer to spiritual freedom.
