139. Can’t have it both ways!
In today's episode of My Daily Thread, we delve into Patanjali's Yoga Sutras, focusing on Sutra 1:30, which outlines the significant obstacles (अन्तरायाः, antarāyāḥ) that disrupt the yogi's journey toward mental steadiness.
These obstacles, including व्याधि (vyādhi), स्त्यान (styāna), and संशय (saṃśaya), among others, are not just mere hurdles but profound challenges that every practitioner encounters. These obstacles include व्याधि (vyādhi), स्त्यान (styāna), and संशय (saṃśaya), among others. We have already discussed व्याधि (vyādhi), which means illness, and स्त्यान (styāna), which refers to lethargy or lack of mental focus. Today, we delve deeper into the third obstacle, संशय (saṃśaya)—doubt.
In Sanskrit, संशय (saṃśaya) is not merely a fleeting uncertainty but a state of mind that "plays both sides." This idea is emphasized in the commentaries of Vyasa, the original commentator on the Yoga Sutras, who describes doubt as wavering between two opposing choices or outcomes, making it difficult to commit to the path. The mind becomes trapped in indecision, which weakens resolve and creates a barrier to progress. The indecisive mind constantly juggles between "should I or shouldn't I," preventing the practitioner from moving forward.
Swami Hariharananda Aranya, in his profound commentary on this sutra, offers clear instructions on overcoming doubt. These practical steps, when followed diligently, can help us move past the paralysis that doubt creates, empowering us with the tools to navigate our practice:
Get clear, precise instructions.
सुस्पष्ट निर्देशः (suspaṣṭa nirdeśaḥ) In Sanskrit, निर्देशः (nirdeśaḥ) means instruction or direction, and सुस्पष्ट (suspaṣṭa) means clear or unambiguous. When doubt arises, it is often due to a lack of clarity. To overcome this, one must seek out reliable sources of wisdom and ensure they fully comprehend the instructions. Jeff emphasizes that clarity on what is expected or what needs to be done is the first step to eliminating confusion.
Engage in deep contemplation.
मनन (manana) – The practice of मनन (manana), or reflection, is critical for digesting the teachings we receive. In the yogic tradition, knowledge alone is not enough; it must be internalized through personal reflection. This deep contemplation helps transform intellectual understanding into experiential wisdom, making the teachings a part of our lived reality. Jeff reminds us that doubt can quickly resurface without this step because the knowledge remains superficial.
Stay in the company of a wise preceptor.
सत्सङ्ग (satsanga) – The Sanskrit term सत्सङ्ग (satsanga) means "association with truth," and it refers to being in the company of a great teacher or preceptor whose wisdom and presence can help melt away doubt. According to Hariharananda, the guidance and support of a wise teacher are essential, as their conviction and clarity can inspire and reinforce the practitioner's resolve. Being in their presence is like standing near a warm fire—doubt, like ice, naturally melts away.
Vyasa's commentary further elaborates on the nature of doubt by suggesting that it involves "playing both sides," where the practitioner struggles to make firm decisions. This can manifest as indecision about whether or not to continue practicing, whether or not the practice will lead to the desired results, or even doubting the teacher or the teachings themselves. This wavering mind undermines confidence and creates a sense of instability that must be addressed to move forward.
Jeff touches on the importance of recognizing this inner conflict and encourages listeners to observe where doubt tends to creep in during their practice. By following Hariharananda's steps—seeking clear instructions, practicing reflection, and staying close to wise mentors—we can strengthen our resolve and create a steady, focused mind. The key is not to allow doubt to fester but to address it directly with the tools provided by the tradition.
